Cyber Vocab Session 5

1. VPN (Category: Networking)

A VPN, or Virtual Private Network, is a technology that creates a secure and encrypted connection over a less secure network, such as the Internet.

When you connect to a VPN, the VPN client on your device (like a smartphone or computer) initiates a connection to a VPN server. This is often done using secure protocols such as OpenVPN, IKEv2/IPsec, or WireGuard. Once authenticated, the VPN client and server establish an encrypted tunnel.

The VPN client is assigned an IP address from the VPN server. To the outside world, your internet traffic appears to be coming from the VPN server's IP address, not your actual location.

VPNs are important to establish network connections in a secure and anonymous way.

2. Incident Response Plan (Category: General)

An Incident Response Plan (IRP) is a documented, structured approach for handling security incidents, breaches, and cyber threats.

The plan usually highlights definitions of incidents, roles/responsibilities of employees during a cyber threat, detection strategies for cyber attacks, and procedures for incident responses.

The plan aims to minimize damage and recovery time, ensuring business continuity and reducing the risk of data loss or exposure.

3. Spyware (Category: Common Vulnerabilities)

Spyware is a type of malicious software designed to covertly collect and transmit private information, such as keystrokes, browsing habits, or personal data, from a user's computer.

It often infiltrates systems without the user's consent, typically bundled with legitimate software or through deceptive links and downloads.

Spyware poses significant privacy and security risks, as it can lead to identity theft, financial loss, and compromised system performance.

4. OAuth (Category: Authentication)

OAuth is an open-standard authorization protocol or framework that allows third-party services to exchange user information without exposing user passwords.

It enables users to grant a website or application access to their information on another website without giving them the passwords.

Some notable providers of OAuth include Google, Facebook, Apple, and Github.

OAuth enhances the security of app authentication, the scalability of the app, and helps with UI convenience.

5. DoS (Category: Common Vulnerabilities)

A Denial of Service (DoS) attack is a malicious attempt to disrupt the normal functioning of a targeted server, service, or network by overwhelming it with a flood of internet traffic.

DoS attacks are executed by leveraging one computer and an internet connection, often through the use of a flood of traffic or requests that overwhelm the targeted system.

The primary objective of a DoS attack is to deny users access to the targeted resource, causing operational disruptions and potential financial and reputational damage to the affected entity.

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